Formation in Mice Expressing Antisense Maturation but Intact Germinal Center Hypermutation and Impaired Affinity Decreased Frequency of Somatic
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Affinity maturation in Lyn kinase-deficient mice with defective germinal center formation.
Lyn kinase-deficient (lyn-/-) mice show several abnormalities such as reduced numbers of circulating B cells, hyper-IgM, and low proliferative responses induced by CD40 ligand. Lyn-/- mice also develop splenomegaly, produce autoreactive Abs with age, and finally develop glomerulonephritis. Another abnormality observed in lyn-/- mice is that their disability to form germinal centers (GCs). It ha...
متن کاملAntigen recognition strength regulates the choice between extrafollicular plasma cell and germinal center B cell differentiation
B cells responding to T-dependent antigen either differentiate rapidly into extrafollicular plasma cells or enter germinal centers and undergo somatic hypermutation and affinity maturation. However, the physiological cues that direct B cell differentiation down one pathway versus the other are unknown. Here we show that the strength of the initial interaction between B cell receptor (BCR) and a...
متن کاملThe immunoglobulin heavy chain locus hs3b and hs4 3’ enhancers are dispensable for VDJ assembly and somatic hypermutation. Short title: Hypermutation in the absence of hs3b/hs4 enhancers
The more distal enhancers of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain 3’ regulatory region, hs3b and hs4, were recently demonstrated as master control elements of germline transcription and class switch recombination to most immunoglobulin constant genes. In addition, they were shown to enhance the accumulation of somatic mutations on linked transgenes. Since somatic hypermutation and class switch recomb...
متن کاملThe immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus hs3b and hs4 3' enhancers are dispensable for VDJ assembly and somatic hypermutation.
The more distal enhancers of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain 3' regulatory region, hs3b and hs4, were recently demonstrated as master control elements of germline transcription and class switch recombination to most immunoglobulin constant genes. In addition, they were shown to enhance the accumulation of somatic mutations on linked transgenes. Since somatic hypermutation and class switch recomb...
متن کاملPTEN-Regulated AID Transcription in Germinal Center B Cells Is Essential for the Class-Switch Recombination and IgG Antibody Responses
Class-switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation (SHM) occur during the differentiation of germinal center B cells (GCBs). Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is responsible for both CSR and SHM in GCBs. Here, we show that ablation of PTEN through the Cγ1-Cre mediated recombination significantly influences the CSR and SHM responses. The GCs fail to produce the IgG1 B cells, th...
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تاریخ انتشار 2001